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Background and Objective: Yeasts, as important endogenous pathogens, can be transmitted to patients in hospitals by the route of inhalation. The present study was performed to investigate the presence of such microorganisms in Ayatollah Rohani Hospital in Babol, considering the role of light in the growth of colonies.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, fungal spores were collected from six of the hospital wards air using the Anderson equipment in 2016. Plates were incubated at room temperature for maximum 1 week. After the growth of colonies, they were assessed in terms of macroscopic and microscopic morphology. Vesicle (chlamydoconidia) and germ tube formation tests were also performed to differentiate between Candida albicans and other species. The light intensity for the given wards was measured in lux units (Lumen/Square Meter).

Findings: In total, nineteen yeast colonies grew. The most contaminated ward was the hematology section (57.9% of total colonies). By contrast, there was not any contamination in the surgery ward air during the sampling period. The light intensity in the fourth surgery section of the operating room was the highest in comparison with other sections (with 884 and 878 lux in morning and afternoon sampling times, respectively). Conversely, the rooms of internal ICU were the darkest parts. In this study, no significant association was found between the light intensity and the growth of the colonies (p>0.05).

Conclusion: According to the results, the most contaminated hospital ward was the hematology section. Control measures to reduce the population of yeasts can improve the quality of health in hospitalized patients.

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Background:  Sexuality and its subsequent satisfaction play critical role in individuals’ overall quality of life, especially in women. Moreover, Sexual unsatisfaction and unwanted pregnancy are important public health problems among pregnant women worldwide. The main objective of this study was to determine the relationship between unwanted pregnancy and sexual satisfaction during pregnancy.
Methods:  In this study, we enrolled 120 women with unwanted pregnancy and 120 healthy controls. The Larson sexual satisfaction (ISS) questionnaire was used to evaluate sexual satisfaction scores in study participants. Demographic information was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by the program SPSS 18 and statistical differences were considered significant at P-values<0.05.
Results: The frequency of unsatisfaction (OR = 5.08; 95 % CI = 0.24–107.02; P = 0.497), low satisfaction (OR = 30.62; 95 % CI = 7.20–130.2; P <0.001), and moderate satisfaction (OR = 1.45; 95 % CI = 0.87–2.41; P =0.155), were higher in case group compared to controls, while frequency of the high satisfaction (OR = 0.11; 95 % CI = 0.06–0.22; P <0.001) was significantly higher in control groups. The total mean ISS scores for the women with wanted and unwanted pregnancies were 101.1 ±11.1 and 80.6 ±14.6, respectively (z= - 3.99, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that unwanted pregnancy has negative effects on sexual satisfaction during the pregnancy. Further studies are needed to fully illustration of correlation between unwanted pregnancy and sexual dissatisfaction.

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Background: Memory impairment (MI), happens when a person loses the ability to remember information and events they would normally be able to recall. Toxoplasmosis is one of the most important parasitic diseases involving the brain. Due to the localization of Toxoplasma gondii tissue cysts in brain and some related reports, the effect of toxoplasma on neurodegenerative diseases has been suggested.
Methods: The present study was conducted to investigate the probable association between MI and toxoplasmosis using serological and molecular techniques. The study population consisted of 87 Alzheimerchr('39')s patients (AP) and 87 healthy controls which were selected under the supervision of neurology consultant. The Toxoplasma-specific antibodies were measured using commercial ELISA kits. The desired region for Toxoplasma B1 gene was amplified by using specific primers and a thermocycler. Specificity of primers was confirmed by direct sequencing, aligning and phylogenetic analysis of the amplicons.
Results: Prevalence of toxoplasmosis in AP and control group was 66.6% and 56.3% (P=0.99) and 52.8% and 40.2% (P=0.229) using ELISA and PCR respectively. Despite the higher prevalence of toxoplasmosis in AP compared with the controls, a significant relationship was not found between MI and toxoplasmosis. The multiple sequence alignment of T. gondii isolates revealed a common haplotype. The significant relationship between some variables and toxoplasmosis as well as the MI could reveal the risk factors for MI.
Conclusion: These results provide fresh insights into the ambiguous association between T. gondii infection and MI. As a probable or concomitant risk factor, toxoplasmosis could induce the MI, principally in patients with the chronic or latent infection.

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Background: Students are a sensitive group in response to the dangers of air pollution. This study was conducted in order to determine the effect of education using the health belief model on the improvement of students' behaviors to prevent exposure to polluted air.
Methods: This study was a before-and-after controlled intervention. The participants included 184 people in the intervention group (82 boys and 102 girls) and 169 people in the control group (82 boys and 87 girls). The researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among the students based on the model. Then, four education sessions were held along with the distribution of pamphlets for the intervention group. Three months later, the questionnaire was completed again by the students. The data was analyzed using SPSS software. The intervention tests used included: paired t, independent t, chi square and Pearson correlation.
Results: Comparing the scores before and after, it was seen that the level of knowledge and attitude had increased significantly (p<0.001). In terms of the constructs of the health belief model, there was a significant difference between the intervention group and the control group after the education. There was a significant difference (p<0.05), which shows the effect of education, while before the education, the two groups did not have a significant difference in terms of scores.
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the implementation of an educational program based on the health belief model with an emphasis on behavior predictors can be effective in reducing exposure to air pollution in students.