en مامایی مامایی پژوهشی اصیل Original Article <span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span chaparral="" pro="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#00369a"><span style="font-weight:bold"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#44546a">Background:</span></span></span></i> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#44546a"><span style="font-weight:normal">Given Iran&#39;s fertility rate falling below the replacement level and the efforts of policymakers to address this issue, it is crucial to investigate this research gap. This study aims to explore the relationship between religiosity and the attitude towards childbearing among students in medical colleges.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:14pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span chaparral="" pro="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#00369a"><span style="font-weight:bold"><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#44546a">Methods:</span></span></span></i> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#44546a"><span style="font-weight:normal">This cross-sectional study was done in 2021 among 144 medical students from a medical college using convenience sampling. Attitude towards childbearing and religious orientation were assessed using questionnaires. The data were input into SPSS-22 software and analyzed using ANOVA, T-test, Chi-square statistical tests and multiple linear regression. A significance level of p < 0.05 was applied to all tests.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#44546a">Results:</span></span></span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#44546a"> Participants had a mean age of 24.69 &plusmn; 2.43 years, and the majority (79.9%) exhibited a positive attitude towards childbearing, particularly in the physical-identity subscale. Results from multiple linear regression analysis predicting childbearing revealed that only religious orientation (B=0.257, P<0.001) was a significant predictor. As religious orientation strengthens, the attitude towards childbearing also becomes more positive.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#44546a">Conclusion:</span></span></span></i></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#44546a"> The findings of the present study reveal a direct relationship between religious orientation and college students&#39; attitudes towards childbearing. A stronger sense of religiosity corresponds to a more positive attitude towards childbearing.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Religious orientation, Childbearing, Attitude, Medical college students. 55 63 http://crms.mubabol.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-246-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mohammad Hadi Yadollahpour Hadi 10031947532846002470 10031947532846002470 No Department of Islamic Studies, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Fatemeh Bakouei 10031947532846002471 10031947532846002471 Yes Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R. Iran Soraya Khafri 10031947532846002472 10031947532846002472 No 3. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Seyed Reza Hosseini 10031947532846002473 10031947532846002473 No Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Abbas Nikzad 10031947532846002474 10031947532846002474 No Department of General Courses, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Fereshteh Naghipour 10031947532846002475 10031947532846002475 No 5. Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R.