en ارتباط نسبت انگشت اشاره به حلقه و متقارنی آن با مزاج در طب سنتی طب سنتی طب سنتی گزارش کوتاه Brief Report <strong>Background and Objective:</strong> One of the essential concepts of the Persian medicine (PM) is temperament (mizaj), which have a special contribution in health maintenance. In the present study we aimed to investigate the association of the hand digit ratio with the temperament types and the symmetry of this ratio between the two hands in each group to see whether these properties have a potency to be applied as an index for mizaj identification.<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> The study sample included 323 women aged between 20 to 32 years old. In order to obtain 2D:4D ratio, both hands were photographed from the palm side and then the length of index and ring fingers were measured using image J. Participants&rsquo; temperament type was identified using a standard self-reported questioner.<br> <strong>Findings:</strong> In respect of the digit ratio, there was no significant difference between the study groups neither in right nor in left hands (kruskal wallis test for right hand: chi-square=3.985, df=8&nbsp;&nbsp; p=0.858; for left hand: chi-square=4.311, df=8&nbsp;&nbsp; p=0.828). However, the results of paired sample <em>t</em>-test showed a significant higher digit ratio in the right hand compared to the left hand in the cold-moist group (t=3.28, df=66, p=0.002).<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The results of this study did not support the relationship between the digit ratio and temperament. However, individuals with cold-moist temperament showed asymmetry of the digit ratio. This finding suggests that the digit ratio asymmetry may has a potency to use as an index in the cold-moist mizaj identification. Temperament, Mizaj, Digit ratio, Symmetry 1 5 http://crms.mubabol.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-151-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Shabnam Aliabadi شبنم علی آبادی 10031947532846002188 10031947532846002188 No Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz , Iran گروه زیست شناسی، پردیس علوم، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز ، ایران Zahra Zendehboodi زهرا زنده بودی 10031947532846002189 10031947532846002189 Yes Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz , Iran گروه زیست شناسی، پردیس علوم، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز ، ایران